Magnesium oxide

Magnesium oxide is quite common in our daily lives. Let's explore it together!

First, Basic Information

1. Chemical Formula and Molecular Weight: Chemical formula is MgO, with a relative molecular weight of 40.30.

2. CAS Registry Number: 1309-48-4.

3. Appearance and Odor: Appears as a white powder at room temperature, odorless, tasteless, and non-toxic.

Second, Physical Properties

1. Melting Point and Boiling Point: Melting point reaches 2852°C, boiling point is 3600°C. Its high melting and boiling points make it an excellent high-temperature resistant material.

2. Density: Approximately 3.58 g/cm³ (25°C).

3. Solubility: Sparingly soluble in water and ethanol. Water solubility is 0.00062 g/100 mL (0°C) and 0.0086 g/100 mL (30°C). Soluble in acids and ammonium salt solutions.

4. Other Properties: Exhibits strong refractive properties in the visible and near-ultraviolet spectrum, high electrical resistivity, and excellent stability. However, it is incompatible with compounds such as bromine trifluoride, bromine trichloride, and phosphorus pentachloride.

Third, Chemical Properties

1. General Properties of Basic Oxides: As a typical basic oxide, it reacts with acids to form the corresponding magnesium salt of the acid and water.

2. Reaction with Water: Slowly reacts with water to form magnesium hydroxide, though the reaction can be accelerated under certain conditions.

3. Reaction with Acidic Substances: When exposed to air, readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide, gradually converting to basic magnesium carbonate; reacts with acidic oxides like carbon dioxide or sulfur trioxide to form magnesium carbonate or magnesium sulfate, respectively; reacts with ammonium salts to release ammonia gas.

4. High-Temperature Reduction: At elevated temperatures, magnesium oxide can be reduced to metallic magnesium by strong reducing elements or alloys; it reacts with chlorine gas to form magnesium chloride.

Fourth, Primary Applications

1. Industrial Sectors

Refractories: Due to its high melting point and excellent thermal stability, it is a common refractory material for ceramics, glass, and metallurgical furnace linings.

2. Electronics Industry: Serves as an electrical insulator in electronic devices. Its resistance to electrical current makes it ideal for components requiring high thermal conductivity and electrical resistance. Also used in manufacturing radio high-frequency magnetic rod antennas and in the silicon steel industry.

3. Rubber Industry: Acts as a rubber accelerator and reinforcing agent to enhance rubber properties.

4. Environmental Engineering: Employed in acidic wastewater treatment to neutralize acidic substances; also used in flue gas desulfurization to remove sulfur dioxide from exhaust gases.

5. Pharmaceutical Applications: Serves as an antacid to neutralize stomach acid and alleviate discomfort caused by hyperacidity; also possesses mild laxative effects, suitable for individuals with hyperacidity accompanied by constipation. However, caution is advised for those with renal insufficiency or atrioventricular block.

6. Food Industry: Used as an acidity regulator, nutritional supplement, etc.

7. New Energy Sector: Shows potential applications in lithium-sulfur batteries, hydrogen storage materials, and related fields.

Fifth, Safety

1. Health Hazards: Inhalation of magnesium oxide dust may cause respiratory irritation symptoms such as coughing and breathing difficulties; prolonged or excessive intake may disrupt magnesium metabolism balance in the human body.

2. Protective Measures: Operators should wear self-filtering dust masks, chemical safety goggles, impervious work clothing, and rubber gloves. Maintain adequate ventilation in work areas to minimize dust generation.

Magnesium oxide heavy

Magnesium oxide formula